Navigating Personal Injury Claims Involving Public Transportation in New York

Navigating Personal Injury Claims Involving Public Transportation in New York

New York City is home to one of the most extensive public transportation networks in the world. According to one report, 56 percent of New Yorkers travel on public transportation, using it 3.8 billion times each year. With so many commuters on the go each day, accidents are bound to happen.

When you’re injured on New York’s bustling transit systems, the road to recovery is often filled with confusion and uncertainty. Each mode of transit has its own set of operational practices, regulatory requirements, and – consequently – unique liability issues when accidents occur.

Fortunately, understanding your legal rights can make all the difference. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the unique landscape of New York public transportation, answer popular questions, explain the legal process, and show how Hill & Moin LLP can help you secure the compensation you deserve.

Who Is Liable for New York Public Transportation Accidents?

If you’ve been injured in a bus accident or some other public transportation incident, you probably have many questions. Who is responsible if the driver makes a mistake? What if a transit authority fails to maintain the vehicles? And what happens when several parties are involved? These are common concerns among accident victims, and understanding the answers can help demystify the legal process.

The answer lies in identifying the appropriate transit agency and determining whether such an accident occurred due to driver negligence, inadequate maintenance, or a combination of factors involving multiple entities.

The most common carrier accidents happen due to:

• Driver error: Fatigue and mistakes such as misjudging distances, failing to signal, or ignoring traffic laws can result in collisions
• Distracted driving: Activities like using a mobile phone or interacting with passengers can divert attention from the road
• Inadequate training: Drivers lacking proper training may be ill-equipped to handle challenging driving conditions or emergency situations
• Mechanical failures: Poor vehicle maintenance can lead to brake failures, tire blowouts, or engine malfunctions, increasing the risk of accidents
• Pedestrian actions: Jaywalking or inattentive pedestrians can unexpectedly enter bus lanes, leading to potential collisions
• Erratic driving: Motorists who drive unpredictably, such as sudden lane changes or failure to yield, can create hazardous situations for buses
• Impaired driving: A driver under the influence of alcohol or drugs poses a significant threat to all road users, and the chances of a bus accident happening are high

The Difference Between Public- and Private-Owned Transportation in New York

While private transportation services have their own set of liability rules, public transportation systems are managed by government agencies or large, self-insured entities.

Other differences include:

• Public transportation and transit: Fully or partially owned and operated by government entities. These include quasi-public systems like Amtrak and the MTA. Most public entities have short deadlines for filing claims. When a bus accident occurs, knowing which governmental entities control the vehicles involved is key to protecting your legal rights and obtaining fair compensation.
• Private transportation: Fully owned and operated by private companies without direct government funding or strict regulation, such as private shuttles, Uber, Lyft, and other rideshares.
• Privately-owned public transportation: Privately owned by companies or individuals but serves the public under strict government regulation. This includes Medallion Yellow cabs and other For-Hire Vehicles (FHVs) that operate with city-issued licenses or medallions.

MTA public transportation accident

The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA Network) is the largest operator of subways and buses in the USA, handling over 2.6 billion rides annually. Any negligence – whether through driver error or poor maintenance – can have serious consequences for many people.

The MTA is governed by the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA), which covers up to a predetermined amount in no-fault benefits for reasonable economic damages. If you were a pedestrian injured on an MTA bus or subway, you must first file a claim through your own no-fault insurance coverage.

If you do not have coverage, you can submit a notice of claim to the agency’s No-Fault Claims Department soon after the accident occurs. The time limit to file a claim with the transit agency is different from the statute of limitations for pursuing a personal injury lawsuit.

In the notice of complaint form, you must include the time, date, and location of the event. You should also write a thorough description of what happened. Evidence in support of your claim will also help.

Additionally, a 50-H hearing, also known as a “statutory hearing,” is typically required before you can start a lawsuit against the MTA. Do not delay seeking the help of a lawyer who can help you properly prepare and submit your claim. If the MTA does not respond or pay within a reasonable timeframe, you can pursue legal action in court or file a complaint with the state.

Filing a notice of claim is among the first steps to seeking compensation with not only the MTA but also most government-owned public transportation and other agencies, including the following.

The Port Authority PABT and PATH systems

Located in Manhattan, the Port Authority Bus Terminal (PABT) is the busiest bus terminal in the world by volume, serving about 225,000 people on an average weekday and more than 65 million annually.

The Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) system spans approximately 13.8 miles, connecting Manhattan with New Jersey’s urban communities. Since PABT bus operators and PATH cross state lines, when a train or bus accident occurs, the process of submitting a notice, filing a complaint, and pursuing a lawsuit may differ for your claim.

Additionally, the filing deadline is shorter than for personal injury cases or claims against the government. An experienced personal injury attorney can provide personalized legal guidance that enables you to make an informed decision.

Taxi and for-hire vehicles

Outside of NYC, taxicabs aren’t typically considered public transportation, but New York law considers them a “vital and integral part of the transportation system.” Taxis and for-hire vehicles (FHVs), such as the iconic Yellow Cab, are thus considered to be privately owned public transportation governed by the New York Taxi and Limousine Commission (TLC).

When an accident involving a taxi occurs, determining who is responsible and seeking compensation can be complex. There are differences in insurance requirements between various types of taxicabs.

All licensed taxi drivers, including individuals, must carry:

• No-fault insurance
• Third-party liability coverage on personal vehicles
• Liability coverage
• At least the minimum for injury or property damage
• No less than the maximum for bodily injury or death

Public taxi companies, also known as for-hire vehicle fleets, must possess the following coverage:

• The minimum liability per person per vehicle
• The minimum CSL per occurrence
• The minimum PIP (Personal Injury Protection)
• Personal injury insurance coverage for each vehicle
• The minimum coverage per occurrence for larger vehicles

E-Hail yellow and green taxicab providers must carry for each accident:

• Commercial General Liability Insurance
• Business Automobile Liability Insurance per occurrence
• Crime Insurance and Professional Liability Insurance per occurrence

Coverage for Medallion taxicabs, which are often driven by individual owner-operators or contractors, must include:

• The minimum liability coverage per person
• The minimum coverage per occurrence CSL
• The minimum Personal Injury Protection

According to one study, the majority of taxi drivers in the city are independent contractors while there are many unlicensed taxis as well. Why does that matter? Most hard-working independent drivers must carry their own commercial insurance and liability policies, which may provide less coverage than larger companies.

If your losses exceed an underinsured driver’s policy, you could have a long road to compensation and recovery ahead of you.

Unfortunately, many illegal cabs are also uninsured or only have the bare minimum insurance required of all NYC motorists. Since most personal insurance policies do not cover commercial use, injury victims harmed in an illegal cab accident may have difficulty getting monetary compensation.

If you are involved in a taxi collision, gather:

• The driver’s personal details
• Taxi medallion/cab number
• License plate number
• Insurance information
• Evidence from the scene

Multi-Party Public Transportation Accidents and Insurance Companies

Most public transit providers maintain commercial liability insurance or are self-insured. If multiple parties are involved, your claim might need to be coordinated among several insurers.

Negotiations with insurance companies and government entities can be challenging, and having experienced legal representation is helpful.

Our team can help you seek compensation for economic damages such as:

• Medical expenses: Costs for treatments, surgeries, medications, and rehabilitation
• Lost wages: Compensation for income lost due to the accident
• Property damage: Repair or replacement of damaged property

Understanding Your Legal Options

Along with the filing processes mentioned previously, you should seek an attorney’s guidance to develop a more thorough understanding of New York law. Be sure to take the following steps to build a strong personal injury claim or lawsuit.

Step 1: Seek medical attention immediately

Your health is paramount. Even if injuries seem minor, prompt medical treatment is essential – not only for recovery but also for creating a documented record of your injuries.

Step 2: Contact the police 

Call the police and ensure an official report is filed. A police report provides a neutral account of the accident and identifies the parties involved.

Step 3: Gather evidence

Collect as much evidence as possible, including:

• Photos and videos: Capture the accident scene, vehicle damage, and your injuries
• Witness information: Secure contact details and witness statements from anyone who saw the accident
• Medical records: Keep detailed records of emergency room visits, treatments, medical expenses, and medications
• Financial records: Track your lost wages and other financial losses so you can recover money; you may even be compensated for lost income-earning ability

Step 4: File your New York public transportation claim or lawsuit

With legal assistance from your attorney, you can file an injury claim against the responsible bus company, governmental entities, or another responsible party.

Your legal team can help with submitting evidence and working through negotiations with insurance companies or governmental entities. If necessary, your accident lawyer can take your case to court.

How Hill & Moin LLP Can Support Your Journey

At Hill & Moin LLP, we understand that public transportation accidents not only cause physical pain but also financial hardship, perhaps disrupting your life in ways you never imagined. However, you may find reassurance in the fact that New York’s legal system provides injured victims with multiple avenues to seek justice and recover compensation.

When our personal injury law firm takes on your case, we will support you every step of the way. Our goal is to make the legal process as understandable and stress-free as possible.

If you or a loved one has been injured while using public transportation in New York, do not face the aftermath alone. Contact the law firm of Hill & Moin LLP today to schedule a free consultation and learn your Personal Injury Recovery SolutionsⓇ.

Don’t wonder about your rights!